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Tyroserleutide
YSL
A tripeptide (Tyr-Ser-Leu) extracted from pig spleen and developed in China for hepatocellular carcinoma. Phase I trials in advanced HCC were completed, and Phase 2 tested multiple daily doses; research shows it slows tumor growth and metastasis and boosts chemotherapy sensitivity when combined with doxorubicin.
Research score 65/100. Reference only, not a dose.
- Anti-Cancer
- Anti-metastatic
- US status
- Not approved
- Approval
- Investigational (Phase 2 trials in China)
- Evidence
- Phase 1 and Phase 2 trials in China. Combination with doxorubicin showed therapeutic synergy
- Research score
- 65 / 100
- Indication
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (investigational in China)
- Origin
- United States
- Source category
- Cancer & Oncology
- Status group
- Investigational
Mechanism
Modulates the Ca2+/calmodulin pathway and PI3K activity, and inhibits ICAM-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9 to reduce cancer spread while enhancing chemotherapy effect.
Safety file
In studies, combination therapy reduced doxorubicin's side effects.
- Generally well tolerated based on published trials