Library · Metabolic & weight · Emergency treatment of severe hypoglycemia
Glucagon
Hyperglycemic-glycogenolytic factor, HGF, Glukagon
Pancreatic peptide hormone that raises blood glucose, used as emergency treatment for severe hypoglycemia in diabetes. Newer stable liquid pens and intranasal powder formulations have replaced older kits requiring reconstitution.
Research score 90/100. Reference only, not a dose.
- Blood Sugar Control
- Metabolic Enhancement
- Hormone Regulation
- Appetite Suppression
- GLP-1 Agonist
- US status
- Prescription Only
- Approval
- FDA + EMA Approved
- Evidence
- FDA Approved (Gvoke, Baqsimi). New stable formulations.
- Research score
- 90 / 100
- Indication
- Hypoglycemia
- Origin
- USA
- Source category
- Digestive System
- Status group
- Approved / prescription
Mechanism
Binds the glucagon receptor on liver cells, raising cAMP and activating PKA to trigger glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis (via PEPCK and G6Pase), while suppressing glycolysis; also promotes fat oxidation and ketone production.
Safety file
Nausea and vomiting are very common; nasal forms may irritate; considered safe for emergency use.
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Injection site reactions