Library · Brain & nerves · Neuroprotection against neurodegenerative diseases
Humanin (and analogues like HNG)
HN, Humanin-G, HNG, S14G-Humanin, Humanin peptide
24-amino-acid mitochondria-derived peptide discovered in 2001, along with the more potent analog HNG. Shows neuroprotective and cytoprotective effects studied for Alzheimer’s, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic disorders; levels decline with age, and centenarians’ relatives show higher levels, hinting at a healthspan role. Not FDA-approved.
Research score 60/100. Reference only, not a dose.
- Neuroprotective
- Anti-aging
- Mitochondrial Function
- Cognitive Enhancement
- Memory Enhancement
- US status
- Research Chemical
- Approval
- Not FDA Approved
- Evidence
- Extensive preclinical research in animal and in-vitro models. No human clinical trials have been completed.
- Research score
- 60 / 100
- Indication
- Research Only - No Medical Indication
- Origin
- Japan
- Source category
- Brain & Nervous System
- Status group
- Research chemical
Mechanism
Binds the formyl-peptide receptor FPRL1 and a CNTFR/WSX-1/gp130 receptor complex, activating JAK2/STAT3, ERK1/2, and PI3K/Akt signaling to block mitochondrial apoptosis (preventing Bax translocation and cytochrome c release); also improves insulin sensitivity via AMPK and blocks toxic amyloid-beta oligomer formation.
Safety file
Generally good, but long-term human safety unknown; some preclinical data suggest context-dependent effects on tumor growth.
- Injection site reactions
- Mild headache
- Temporary fatigue